Igwe teliskop nke mbara igwe na sayensị ụmụaka na agụmakwụkwọ na-anwale teliskop ntinye ọkwa

Oke ngwaahịa

Nhazi:

Anya anya: h20mm, h6mm anya abụọ

1.5x ezigbo mirror

mirror zenith ogo 90

38 cm elu aluminum tripod

Akwụkwọ ikike kaadị akwụkwọ ikike

Isi ihe ngosi:

★ refractive / Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe ogologo: 360mm, luminous oghere: 50mm

★ 60 ugboro na 18 ugboro nwere ike ijikọ, na 90 ugboro na 27 ugboro nwere ike ijikọ na 1.5x positive mirror.

★ Theoretical mkpebi: 2.000 arcseconds, nke bụ ihe abụọ ihe na anya nke 0.970 cm na 1000 mita.

★ isi oghere gbọmgbọm agba: ọlaọcha (dị ka e gosiri na foto)

★ arọ: Ihe dịka 1kg

★ igbe dị elu: 44cm * 21cm * 10cm

Nchikota nlele: 1.5x ezigbo mirror h20mm (onyinyo zuru oke)

Iwu ojiji:

1. Kewaa ụkwụ na-akwado, wụnye gbọmgbọm teliskop na yok ma dozie ya na nnukwu mkpuchi mkpuchi.

2. Tinye zenith mirror n'ime cylinder na-elekwasị anya ma dozie ya na kposara kwekọrọ.

3. Wụnye anya anya na zenith mirror ma dozie ya na kposara kwekọrọ.

4. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịkwalite na enyo dị mma, wụnye ya n'etiti anya anya na oghere oghere (ọ dịghị mkpa ịwụnye 90 degrees zenith mirror), ka i wee hụ ahụ nke eluigwe.

Kedu ihe bụ teliskop Astronomical?

Igwe teliskop nke mbara igwe bụ ngwá ọrụ bụ isi maka ilele ihe ndị dị na mbara igwe na ijide ozi nke eluigwe.Kemgbe Galileo mere teliskop nke mbụ na 1609, teliskop ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-etolite.Site na ngwa anya ruo bandwit zuru oke, site na ala ruo oghere, ike nleba anya nke teliskop na-esiwanye ike ma na-esiwanye ike, a pụkwara ijide ozi nke eluigwe na ụba.Ụmụ mmadụ nwere teliskop na band electromagnetic, neutrinos, gravitational waves, cosmic rays na ndị ọzọ.

Akụkọ mmepe:

Telescope sitere na ugogbe anya.Ụmụ mmadụ malitere iji ugogbe anya ihe dị ka afọ 700 gara aga.N'ihe dị ka mgbasa ozi 1300, ndị Ịtali malitere iji lenses convex mee enyo ọgụgụ.N'ihe dị ka mgbasa ozi 1450, enyo enyo myopia pụtakwara.Na 1608, onye na-amụ H. Lippershey, onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta anya na Dutch, chọpụtara na mberede na site n'ịkọkọba lensị abụọ ọnụ, ọ pụrụ ịhụ ihe nke ọma n'ebe dị anya.Na 1609, mgbe Galileo, bụ́ ọkà mmụta sayensị Ịtali, nụrụ banyere ihe e mepụtara, o mere teliskop nke ya ozugbo ma jiri ya na-ekiri kpakpando.Kemgbe ahụ, a mụrụ telescope mbụ nke mbara igwe.Galileo hụrụ ihe dị iche iche nke ebe anwụ, olulu ọnwa, satịlaịtị Jupiter (satịlaịtị Galileo) na uru na mfu nke Venus na teliskop ya, bụ́ nke kwadoro ozizi heliocentric nke Copernicus.A na-eme telescope Galileo site na ụkpụrụ nke refraction nke ìhè, ya mere a na-akpọ ya refractor.

Na 1663, onye Scotland na-enyocha mbara igwe bụ Gregory mere enyo Gregory site n'iji ụkpụrụ ntụgharị uche nke ìhè eme ihe, ma ọ bụghị ihe a ma ama n'ihi nkà na ụzụ mmepụta ihe akabeghị aka.N'afọ 1667, ọkà mmụta sayensị Britain bụ́ Newton meziri ka echiche Gregory dịtụ mma ma mee enyo Newtonian.Oghere ya dị naanị 2.5cm, mana ibuwanye ya karịrị ugboro 30.Ọ na-ewepụkwa ọdịiche agba nke telescope refraction, nke na-eme ka ọ dị irè.N'afọ 1672, onye France bụ Cassegrain chepụtara ihe ntụgharị Cassegrain a na-ejikarị eme ihe site na iji enyo concave na convex.Igwe teliskop ahụ nwere ogologo ntụsara aka ogologo, ahụ obere oghere, nnukwu mmụba na onyonyo doro anya;Enwere ike iji ya were foto nnukwu na obere ihe ndị dị na mbara igwe dị n'ọhịa.Igwe teliskop Hubble na-eji ụdị teliskop ntụgharị echiche a.

N'afọ 1781, ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe nke Britain bụ W. Herschel na C. Herschel chọtara Uranus na enyo oghere 15 cm ejiri aka ya mee.Kemgbe ahụ, ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe agbakwunyela ọtụtụ ọrụ na teliskop iji mee ka ọ nwee ikike nke nyocha ihe nkiri na ihe ndị ọzọ.N'afọ 1862, ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe America Clark na nwa ya nwoke (A. Clark na A.g. Clark) mere onye na-atụgharị oghere 47 cm wee were foto nke kpakpando enyi Sirius.N'afọ 1908, onye America na-enyocha mbara igwe Haier duuru n'iwu nke enyo oghere dị mita 1.53 iji jide ụdị dị iche iche nke kpakpando enyi Sirius.Na 1948, e dechara telescope Haier.Oghere ya nke mita 5.08 ezuola ịhụ na nyochaa anya na ngwa ngwa pụtara ìhè nke anụ ọhịa dị anya.

Na 1931, onye Germany na-ahụ maka anya Schmidt mere telescope Schmidt, na 1941, Soviet na-enyocha mbara igwe mark sutov mere akara sutov Cassegrain enyo, bụ nke mere ka ụdị teliskop dịkwuo mma.

N'oge ọgbara ọhụrụ na nke dị ugbu a, teliskop na-enyocha mbara igwe ejedebeghị naanị na igwe anya.N'afọ 1932, ndị injinia Redio America chọtara radieshon si n'etiti ụyọkọ kpakpando Milky Way, bụ́ akara ọmụmụ nke mbara igwe redio.Mgbe mwepụta nke satịlaịtị mmadụ mere na 1957, teliskop mbara mbara gbawara agbawa.Kemgbe narị afọ ọhụrụ, telescopes ọhụrụ dị ka neutrinos, ihe gbara ọchịchịrị na ebili mmiri ndọda nọ na-arịgo.Ugbu a, ọtụtụ ozi nke ndị na-ahụ maka mbara igwe na-ezipụ aghọọla ego nke ndị na-enyocha mbara igwe, na ọhụụ mmadụ na-agbasawanye ma na-agbasawanye.

Na mbido Nọvemba 2021, ka ogologo oge nke mmepe injinia na nnwale njikọta, James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) a na-atụ anya ya mechara rute na saịtị mmalite nke dị na French Guiana na a ga-ewepụta ya n'ọdịnihu dị nso.

Ụkpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke teliskop astronomical:

Ụkpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke teliskop astronomical bụ na lens ebumnobi (convex lens) na-elekwasị anya na ihe oyiyi ahụ, bụ nke anya (convex lens) na-amụbawanye.A na-elebara ya anya site na oghere ebumnobi ahụ wee mekwuo ya site na nku anya.Ebumnobi oghere na nku anya bụ ihe owuwu ekewapụrụ okpukpu abụọ, ka e wee melite ogo onyonyo.Mee ka ọkụ dịkwuo ọkụ n'otu mpaghara otu, ka ndị mmadụ wee hụ ihe ndị gbara ọchịchịrị na nkọwa ndị ọzọ.Ihe na-abanye n'anya gị fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ìhè yiri ya, na ihe ị na-ahụ bụ ihe oyiyi a na-eche n'echiche na-ebuli elu site na anya.Ọ bụ iji mee ka obere oghere oghere nke ihe dị anya dị ka ihe na-ebuwanye ibu si dị, nke mere na o nwere nnukwu oghere oghere na oghere ihe oyiyi ahụ, nke mere na ihe a na-apụghị ịhụ anya ma ọ bụ kewaa ya site na anya gba ọtọ wee pụta ìhè ma dị iche.Ọ bụ sistemu ngwa anya na-edobe ihe merenụ na-eme ka ọkụ na-apụta n'otu n'otu site na oghere ebumnobi na nku anya.Enwere ụdị atọ n'ozuzu:

1. Refraction telescope bụ telescope nwere oghere dị ka lens ebumnobi.Enwere ike kewaa ya ụzọ abụọ: telescope Galileo nwere oghere concave dị ka anya anya;Teliskop Kepler nwere oghere convex dị ka anya anya.N'ihi na chromatic aberration na spherical aberration nke otu lens ebumnobi dị nnọọ njọ, telescopes nke ọgbara ọhụrụ na-ejikarị abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa lens otu.

2. Igwe teliskop na-egosipụta bụ teliskop nwere enyo concave dị ka oghere ebumnobi.Enwere ike kewaa ya na telescope Newton, telescope Cassegrain na ụdị ndị ọzọ.Isi uru nke teliskop na-egosipụta bụ na ọ dịghị aberration chromatic.Mgbe oghere ebumnobi na-anagide paraboloid, enwere ike ikpochapụ mmebi ahụ gburugburu.Otú ọ dị, iji belata mmetụta nke mmejọ ndị ọzọ, ebe a na-ahụ anya dị ntakịrị.Ihe maka imepụta enyo naanị chọrọ obere ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye, nrụgide dị ala na igwe nri dị mfe.

3, Caadioptric teliskop dabeere okirikiri mirror na kwukwara na refractive mmewere maka aberration mgbazi, nke nwere ike izere siri ike nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ aspherical nhazi na-enweta ezi image àgwà.Nke a ma ama bụ igwe onyonyo Schmidt, nke na-edobe efere ndozi Schmidt na etiti okirikiri nke enyo dị okirikiri.Otu elu bụ ụgbọ elu na nke ọzọ bụ a dịtụ nrụrụ aspherical elu, nke na-eme ka n'etiti akụkụ nke osisi na-agbakọta dịtụ na mpụta akụkụ dị iche iche dịtụ iche, na-edozi spherical aberration na coma.