Igwe anya anya

Igwe anya anya bụ oghere ejiri enyo anya mee.Nkọwa nke enyo anya bụ iko nwere otu ngwa anya ngwa anya yana ihe achọrọ maka ngwa anya dị ka ndezigharị ntugharị anya, mgbasa, nnyefe, nnyefe spectral na nnabata ọkụ.Glass nke nwere ike ịgbanwe ntụzịaka mgbasa nke ìhè yana nkesa ultraviolet, nke a na-ahụ anya ma ọ bụ infrared.N'echiche dị warara, enyo anya na-ezo aka na enyo anya na-enweghị agba;N'echiche sara mbara, enyo anya na-agụnye enyo anya na-acha acha, iko laser, iko quartz, iko mgbochi radieshon, ultraviolet infrared optical glass, fiber optical glass, acoustooptic glass, magneto-optical glass and photochromic glass.Enwere ike iji ugegbe anya rụpụta lenses, prisms, enyo na windo n'ime ngwa anya.Ihe ndị mejupụtara enyo anya bụ isi ihe dị na ngwa anya.

Ugegbe a na-eji eme lenses na mbụ bụ mkpọmkpọ na enyo windo nkịtị ma ọ bụ karama mmanya.Ụdị ahụ yiri "okpueze", nke aha nke iko okpueze ma ọ bụ iko okpueze na-abịa.N'oge ahụ, iko ahụ enweghị isi na ụfụfụ.Na mgbakwunye na iko okpueze, e nwere ụdị ọzọ nke flint iko nwere nnukwu ọdịnaya ndu.N'ihe dị ka n'afọ 1790, Pierre Louis Junard, onye France, chọpụtara na ihe oriri iko na-akpali akpali nwere ike ime iko nwere ụdị ejiji.N'afọ 1884, Ernst Abbe na Otto Schott nke Zeiss guzobere Schott glaswerke Ag na Jena, Germany, ma mepụta ọtụtụ enyo anya n'ime afọ ole na ole.N'ime ha, mmepụta nke iko okpueze barium nke nwere akara ngosi dị elu bụ otu n'ime ihe dị mkpa rụzuru nke ụlọ ọrụ Schott glass.

Ngwa anya iko agwakọta na oxides nke elu-ọcha silicon, boron, sodium, potassium, zinc, lead, magnesium, calcium na barium dị ka a kpọmkwem usoro, gbazee na elu okpomọkụ na platinum crucible, kpaliri evenly na ultrasonic ife wepụ egosipụta. ;Mgbe ahụ, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ nwayọọ ruo ogologo oge iji zere nrụgide dị n'ime na ngọngọ iko.A ga-eji ngwa ngwa tụọ ihe mgbochi enyo jụrụ oyi iji lelee ma ịdị ọcha, nghọta, ịdị n'otu, ndenye nrụgharị na ndenye mgbasa ozi dabara na nkọwapụta.A na-ekpo ọkụ ma mekwaa ihe mgbochi enyo tozuru etozu ka ọ bụrụ ebe embrayo anya siri ike.